/*

  This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public

  License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this

  file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

  Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Michael Möller <mmoeller@openhardwaremonitor.org>

*/

using System;

using System.Globalization;

using System.Text;

namespace OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware.CPU {

  internal sealed class IntelCPU : GenericCPU {

    private enum Microarchitecture {

      Unknown,

      NetBurst,

      Core,

      Atom,

      Nehalem,

      SandyBridge

    }

    private readonly Sensor[] coreTemperatures;

    private readonly Sensor packageTemperature;

    private readonly Sensor[] coreClocks;

    private readonly Sensor busClock;

    private readonly Sensor[] powerSensors;

    private readonly Microarchitecture microarchitecture;

    private readonly double timeStampCounterMultiplier;

    private const uint IA32_THERM_STATUS_MSR = 0x019C;

    private const uint IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET = 0x01A2;

    private const uint IA32_PERF_STATUS = 0x0198;

    private const uint MSR_PLATFORM_INFO = 0xCE;

    private const uint IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS = 0x1B1;

    private const uint MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT = 0x606;

    private const uint MSR_PKG_ENERY_STATUS = 0x611;

    private const uint MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS = 0x619;

    private const uint MSR_PP0_ENERY_STATUS = 0x639;

    private const uint MSR_PP1_ENERY_STATUS = 0x641;

    private readonly uint[] energyStatusMSRs = { MSR_PKG_ENERY_STATUS, 

      MSR_PP0_ENERY_STATUS, MSR_PP1_ENERY_STATUS, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS };

    private readonly string[] powerSensorLabels = 

      { "CPU Package", "CPU Cores", "CPU Graphics", "CPU DRAM" };

    private float energyUnitMultiplier = 0;

    private DateTime[] lastEnergyTime;

    private uint[] lastEnergyConsumed;

    private float[] Floats(float f) {

      float[] result = new float[coreCount];

      for (int i = 0; i < coreCount; i++)

        result[i] = f;

      return result;

    }

    private float[] GetTjMaxFromMSR() {

      uint eax, edx;

      float[] result = new float[coreCount];

      for (int i = 0; i < coreCount; i++) {

        if (Ring0.RdmsrTx(IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, out eax,

          out edx, 1UL << cpuid[i][0].Thread)) {

          result[i] = (eax >> 16) & 0xFF;

        } else {

          result[i] = 100;

        }

      }

      return result;

    }

    public IntelCPU(int processorIndex, CPUID[][] cpuid, ISettings settings)

      : base(processorIndex, cpuid, settings) {

      // set tjMax

      float[] tjMax;

      switch (family) {

        case 0x06: {

            switch (model) {

              case 0x0F: // Intel Core 2 (65nm)

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Core;

                switch (stepping) {

                  case 0x06: // B2

                    switch (coreCount) {

                      case 2:

                        tjMax = Floats(80 + 10); break;

                      case 4:

                        tjMax = Floats(90 + 10); break;

                      default:

                        tjMax = Floats(85 + 10); break;

                    }

                    tjMax = Floats(80 + 10); break;

                  case 0x0B: // G0

                    tjMax = Floats(90 + 10); break;

                  case 0x0D: // M0

                    tjMax = Floats(85 + 10); break;

                  default:

                    tjMax = Floats(85 + 10); break;

                } break;

              case 0x17: // Intel Core 2 (45nm)

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Core;

                tjMax = Floats(100); break;

              case 0x1C: // Intel Atom (45nm)

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Atom;

                switch (stepping) {

                  case 0x02: // C0

                    tjMax = Floats(90); break;

                  case 0x0A: // A0, B0

                    tjMax = Floats(100); break;

                  default:

                    tjMax = Floats(90); break;

                } break;

              case 0x1A: // Intel Core i7 LGA1366 (45nm)

              case 0x1E: // Intel Core i5, i7 LGA1156 (45nm)

              case 0x1F: // Intel Core i5, i7 

              case 0x25: // Intel Core i3, i5, i7 LGA1156 (32nm)

              case 0x2C: // Intel Core i7 LGA1366 (32nm) 6 Core

              case 0x2E: // Intel Xeon Processor 7500 series

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Nehalem;

                tjMax = GetTjMaxFromMSR();

                break;

              case 0x2A: // Intel Core i5, i7 2xxx LGA1155 (32nm)

              case 0x2D: // Next Generation Intel Xeon Processor

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.SandyBridge;

                tjMax = GetTjMaxFromMSR();

                break;

              default:

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Unknown;

                tjMax = Floats(100);

                break;

            }

          } break;

        case 0x0F: {

            switch (model) {

              case 0x00: // Pentium 4 (180nm)

              case 0x01: // Pentium 4 (130nm)

              case 0x02: // Pentium 4 (130nm)

              case 0x03: // Pentium 4, Celeron D (90nm)

              case 0x04: // Pentium 4, Pentium D, Celeron D (90nm)

              case 0x06: // Pentium 4, Pentium D, Celeron D (65nm)

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.NetBurst;

                tjMax = Floats(100);

                break;

              default:

                microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Unknown;

                tjMax = Floats(100);

                break;

            }

          } break;

        default:

          microarchitecture = Microarchitecture.Unknown;

          tjMax = Floats(100);

          break;

      }

      // set timeStampCounterMultiplier

      switch (microarchitecture) {

        case Microarchitecture.NetBurst:

        case Microarchitecture.Atom:

        case Microarchitecture.Core: {

            uint eax, edx;

            if (Ring0.Rdmsr(IA32_PERF_STATUS, out eax, out edx)) {

              timeStampCounterMultiplier =

                ((edx >> 8) & 0x1f) + 0.5 * ((edx >> 14) & 1);

            }

          } break;

        case Microarchitecture.Nehalem:

        case Microarchitecture.SandyBridge: {

            uint eax, edx;

            if (Ring0.Rdmsr(MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, out eax, out edx)) {

              timeStampCounterMultiplier = (eax >> 8) & 0xff;

            }

          } break;

        default: {

            timeStampCounterMultiplier = 1;

            uint eax, edx;

            if (Ring0.Rdmsr(IA32_PERF_STATUS, out eax, out edx)) {

              timeStampCounterMultiplier =

                ((edx >> 8) & 0x1f) + 0.5 * ((edx >> 14) & 1);

            }

          } break;

      }

      // check if processor supports a digital thermal sensor at core level

      if (cpuid[0][0].Data.GetLength(0) > 6 &&

        (cpuid[0][0].Data[6, 0] & 1) != 0) {

        coreTemperatures = new Sensor[coreCount];

        for (int i = 0; i < coreTemperatures.Length; i++) {

          coreTemperatures[i] = new Sensor(CoreString(i), i,

            SensorType.Temperature, this, new[] { 

              new ParameterDescription(

                "TjMax [°C]", "TjMax temperature of the core sensor.\n" + 

                "Temperature = TjMax - TSlope * Value.", tjMax[i]), 

              new ParameterDescription("TSlope [°C]", 

                "Temperature slope of the digital thermal sensor.\n" + 

                "Temperature = TjMax - TSlope * Value.", 1)}, settings);

          ActivateSensor(coreTemperatures[i]);

        }

      } else {

        coreTemperatures = new Sensor[0];

      }

      // check if processor supports a digital thermal sensor at package level

      if (cpuid[0][0].Data.GetLength(0) > 6 &&

        (cpuid[0][0].Data[6, 0] & 0x40) != 0) {

        packageTemperature = new Sensor("CPU Package",

          coreTemperatures.Length, SensorType.Temperature, this, new[] { 

              new ParameterDescription(

                "TjMax [°C]", "TjMax temperature of the package sensor.\n" + 

                "Temperature = TjMax - TSlope * Value.", tjMax[0]), 

              new ParameterDescription("TSlope [°C]", 

                "Temperature slope of the digital thermal sensor.\n" + 

                "Temperature = TjMax - TSlope * Value.", 1)}, settings);

        ActivateSensor(packageTemperature);

      }

      busClock = new Sensor("Bus Speed", 0, SensorType.Clock, this, settings);

      coreClocks = new Sensor[coreCount];

      for (int i = 0; i < coreClocks.Length; i++) {

        coreClocks[i] =

          new Sensor(CoreString(i), i + 1, SensorType.Clock, this, settings);

        if (HasTimeStampCounter)

          ActivateSensor(coreClocks[i]);

      }

      if (microarchitecture == Microarchitecture.SandyBridge) {

        powerSensors = new Sensor[energyStatusMSRs.Length];

        lastEnergyTime = new DateTime[energyStatusMSRs.Length];

        lastEnergyConsumed = new uint[energyStatusMSRs.Length];

        uint eax, edx;

        if (Ring0.Rdmsr(MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, out eax, out edx))

          energyUnitMultiplier = 1.0f / (1 << (int)((eax >> 8) & 0x1FF));

        if (energyUnitMultiplier != 0) {

          for (int i = 0; i < energyStatusMSRs.Length; i++) {

            if (!Ring0.Rdmsr(energyStatusMSRs[i], out eax, out edx))

              continue;

            lastEnergyTime[i] = DateTime.UtcNow;

            lastEnergyConsumed[i] = eax;

            powerSensors[i] = new Sensor(powerSensorLabels[i], i,

              SensorType.Power, this, settings);

            ActivateSensor(powerSensors[i]);

          }

        }

      }

      Update();

    }

    protected override uint[] GetMSRs() {

      return new[] {

        MSR_PLATFORM_INFO,

        IA32_PERF_STATUS ,

        IA32_THERM_STATUS_MSR,

        IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET,

        IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS,

        MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT,

        MSR_PKG_ENERY_STATUS,

        MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS,

        MSR_PP0_ENERY_STATUS,

        MSR_PP1_ENERY_STATUS

      };

    }

    public override string GetReport() {

      StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder();

      r.Append(base.GetReport());

      r.Append("Microarchitecture: ");

      r.AppendLine(microarchitecture.ToString());

      r.Append("Time Stamp Counter Multiplier: ");

      r.AppendLine(timeStampCounterMultiplier.ToString(

        CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

      r.AppendLine();

      return r.ToString();

    }

    public override void Update() {

      base.Update();

      for (int i = 0; i < coreTemperatures.Length; i++) {

        uint eax, edx;

        if (Ring0.RdmsrTx(

          IA32_THERM_STATUS_MSR, out eax, out edx,

            1UL << cpuid[i][0].Thread)) {

          // if reading is valid

          if ((eax & 0x80000000) != 0) {

            // get the dist from tjMax from bits 22:16

            float deltaT = ((eax & 0x007F0000) >> 16);

            float tjMax = coreTemperatures[i].Parameters[0].Value;

            float tSlope = coreTemperatures[i].Parameters[1].Value;

            coreTemperatures[i].Value = tjMax - tSlope * deltaT;

          } else {

            coreTemperatures[i].Value = null;

          }

        }

      }

      if (packageTemperature != null) {

        uint eax, edx;

        if (Ring0.RdmsrTx(

          IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, out eax, out edx,

            1UL << cpuid[0][0].Thread)) {

          // get the dist from tjMax from bits 22:16

          float deltaT = ((eax & 0x007F0000) >> 16);

          float tjMax = packageTemperature.Parameters[0].Value;

          float tSlope = packageTemperature.Parameters[1].Value;

          packageTemperature.Value = tjMax - tSlope * deltaT;

        } else {

          packageTemperature.Value = null;

        }

      }

      if (HasTimeStampCounter) {

        double newBusClock = 0;

        uint eax, edx;

        for (int i = 0; i < coreClocks.Length; i++) {

          System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1);

          if (Ring0.RdmsrTx(IA32_PERF_STATUS, out eax, out edx,

            1UL << cpuid[i][0].Thread)) {

            newBusClock =

              TimeStampCounterFrequency / timeStampCounterMultiplier;

            switch (microarchitecture) {

              case Microarchitecture.Nehalem: {

                  uint multiplier = eax & 0xff;

                  coreClocks[i].Value = (float)(multiplier * newBusClock);

                } break;

              case Microarchitecture.SandyBridge: {

                  uint multiplier = (eax >> 8) & 0xff;

                  coreClocks[i].Value = (float)(multiplier * newBusClock);

                } break;

              default: {

                  double multiplier =

                    ((eax >> 8) & 0x1f) + 0.5 * ((eax >> 14) & 1);

                  coreClocks[i].Value = (float)(multiplier * newBusClock);

                } break;

            }

          } else {

            // if IA32_PERF_STATUS is not available, assume TSC frequency

            coreClocks[i].Value = (float)TimeStampCounterFrequency;

          }

        }

        if (newBusClock > 0) {

          this.busClock.Value = (float)newBusClock;

          ActivateSensor(this.busClock);

        }

      }

      if (powerSensors != null) {

        foreach (Sensor sensor in powerSensors) {

          if (sensor == null)

            continue;

          uint eax, edx;

          if (!Ring0.Rdmsr(energyStatusMSRs[sensor.Index], out eax, out edx))

            continue;

          DateTime time = DateTime.UtcNow;

          uint energyConsumed = eax;

          float deltaTime =

            (float)(time - lastEnergyTime[sensor.Index]).TotalSeconds;

          if (deltaTime < 0.01)

            continue;

          sensor.Value = energyUnitMultiplier * unchecked(

            energyConsumed - lastEnergyConsumed[sensor.Index]) / deltaTime;

          lastEnergyTime[sensor.Index] = time;

          lastEnergyConsumed[sensor.Index] = energyConsumed;

        }

      }

    }

  }

}