# 2002 February 26

 #

 # The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of

 # a legal notice, here is a blessing:

 #

 #    May you do good and not evil.

 #    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.

 #    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.

 #

 #***********************************************************************

 # This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.  The

 # focus of this file is testing VIEW statements.

 #

 # $Id: view.test,v 1.38 2008/08/21 14:54:29 drh Exp $

 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]

 source $testdir/tester.tcl

 # Omit this entire file if the library is not configured with views enabled.

 ifcapable !view {

   finish_test

   return

 }

 do_test view-1.0 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4,5,6);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7,8,9);

     SELECT * FROM t1;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9}

 do_test view-1.1 {

   execsql {

     BEGIN;

     CREATE VIEW IF NOT EXISTS v1 AS SELECT a,b FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 2 4 5 7 8}

 do_test view-1.2 {

   catchsql {

     ROLLBACK;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 {no such table: v1}}

 do_test view-1.3 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT a,b FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 2 4 5 7 8}

 do_test view-1.3.1 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 2 4 5 7 8}

 do_test view-1.4 {

   catchsql {

     DROP VIEW IF EXISTS v1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 {no such table: v1}}

 do_test view-1.5 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT a,b FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 2 4 5 7 8}

 do_test view-1.6 {

   catchsql {

     DROP TABLE t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {1 {no such table: main.t1}}

 do_test view-1.7 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t1(x,a,b,c);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3,4);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4,5,6,7);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(7,8,9,10);

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {2 3 5 6 8 9}

 do_test view-1.8 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v1 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {2 3 5 6 8 9}

 do_test view-2.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v2 AS SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a>5

   };  # No semicolon

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v2;

   }

 } {x 7 a 8 b 9 c 10}

 do_test view-2.2 {

   catchsql {

     INSERT INTO v2 VALUES(1,2,3,4);

   }

 } {1 {cannot modify v2 because it is a view}}

 do_test view-2.3 {

   catchsql {

     UPDATE v2 SET a=10 WHERE a=5;

   }

 } {1 {cannot modify v2 because it is a view}}

 do_test view-2.4 {

   catchsql {

     DELETE FROM v2;

   }

 } {1 {cannot modify v2 because it is a view}}

 do_test view-2.5 {

   execsql {

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(11,12,13,14);

     SELECT * FROM v2 ORDER BY x;

   }

 } {7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14}

 do_test view-2.6 {

   execsql {

     SELECT x FROM v2 WHERE a>10

   }

 } {11}

 # Test that column name of views are generated correctly.

 #

 do_test view-3.1 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v1 LIMIT 1

   }

 } {a 2 b 3}

 do_test view-3.2 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v2 LIMIT 1

   }

 } {x 7 a 8 b 9 c 10}

 do_test view-3.3.1 {

   execsql2 {

     DROP VIEW v1;

     CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT a AS 'xyz', b+c AS 'pqr', c-b FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1 LIMIT 1

   }

 } {xyz 2 pqr 7 c-b 1}

 do_test view-3.3.2 {

   execsql2 {

     CREATE VIEW v1b AS SELECT t1.a, b+c, t1.c FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v1b LIMIT 1

   }

 } {a 2 b+c 7 c 4}

 ifcapable compound {

 do_test  view-3.4 {

   execsql2 {

     CREATE VIEW v3 AS SELECT a FROM t1 UNION SELECT b FROM t1 ORDER BY b;

     SELECT * FROM v3 LIMIT 4;

   }

 } {a 2 a 3 a 5 a 6}

 do_test view-3.5 {

   execsql2 {

     CREATE VIEW v4 AS 

       SELECT a, b FROM t1 

       UNION

       SELECT b AS 'x', a AS 'y' FROM t1

       ORDER BY x, y;

     SELECT b FROM v4 ORDER BY b LIMIT 4;

   }

 } {b 2 b 3 b 5 b 6}

 } ;# ifcapable compound

 do_test view-4.1 {

   catchsql {

     DROP VIEW t1;

   }

 } {1 {use DROP TABLE to delete table t1}}

 do_test view-4.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT 1 FROM t1 LIMIT 1;

   }

 } 1

 do_test view-4.3 {

   catchsql {

     DROP TABLE v1;

   }

 } {1 {use DROP VIEW to delete view v1}}

 do_test view-4.4 {

   execsql {

      SELECT 1 FROM v1 LIMIT 1;

   }

 } {1}

 do_test view-4.5 {

   catchsql {

     CREATE INDEX i1v1 ON v1(xyz);

   }

 } {1 {views may not be indexed}}

 do_test view-5.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t2(y,a);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(22,2);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(33,3);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(44,4);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(55,5);

     SELECT * FROM t2;

   }

 } {22 2 33 3 44 4 55 5}

 do_test view-5.2 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v5 AS

       SELECT t1.x AS v, t2.y AS w FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(a);

     SELECT * FROM v5;

   }

 } {1 22 4 55}

 # Verify that the view v5 gets flattened.  see sqliteFlattenSubquery().

 # This will only work if EXPLAIN is enabled.

 # Ticket #272

 #

 ifcapable {explain} {

 do_test view-5.3 {

   lsearch [execsql {

     EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM v5;

   }] OpenEphemeral

 } {-1}

 do_test view-5.4 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v5 AS a, t2 AS b WHERE a.w=b.y;

   }

 } {1 22 22 2 4 55 55 5}

 do_test view-5.5 {

   lsearch [execsql {

     EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM v5 AS a, t2 AS b WHERE a.w=b.y;

   }] OpenEphemeral

 } {-1}

 do_test view-5.6 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t2 AS b, v5 AS a WHERE a.w=b.y;

   }

 } {22 2 1 22 55 5 4 55}

 do_test view-5.7 {

   lsearch [execsql {

     EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t2 AS b, v5 AS a WHERE a.w=b.y;

   }] OpenEphemeral

 } {-1}

 do_test view-5.8 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 AS a, v5 AS b, t2 AS c WHERE a.x=b.v AND b.w=c.y;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 1 22 22 2 4 5 6 7 4 55 55 5}

 do_test view-5.9 {

   lsearch [execsql {

     EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 AS a, v5 AS b, t2 AS c WHERE a.x=b.v AND b.w=c.y;

   }] OpenEphemeral

 } {-1}

 } ;# endif explain

 do_test view-6.1 {

   execsql {

     SELECT min(x), min(a), min(b), min(c), min(a+b+c) FROM v2;

   }

 } {7 8 9 10 27}

 do_test view-6.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT max(x), max(a), max(b), max(c), max(a+b+c) FROM v2;

   }

 } {11 12 13 14 39}

 do_test view-7.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE test1(id integer primary key, a);

     CREATE TABLE test2(id integer, b);

     INSERT INTO test1 VALUES(1,2);

     INSERT INTO test2 VALUES(1,3);

     CREATE VIEW test AS

       SELECT test1.id, a, b

       FROM test1 JOIN test2 ON test2.id=test1.id;

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-7.2 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-7.3 {

   execsql {

     DROP VIEW test;

     CREATE VIEW test AS

       SELECT test1.id, a, b

       FROM test1 JOIN test2 USING(id);

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-7.4 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-7.5 {

   execsql {

     DROP VIEW test;

     CREATE VIEW test AS

       SELECT test1.id, a, b

       FROM test1 NATURAL JOIN test2;

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-7.6 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM test;

   }

 } {1 2 3}

 do_test view-8.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v6 AS SELECT pqr, xyz FROM v1;

     SELECT * FROM v6 ORDER BY xyz;

   }

 } {7 2 13 5 19 8 27 12}

 do_test view-8.2 {

   db close

   sqlite3 db test.db

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v6 ORDER BY xyz;

   }

 } {7 2 13 5 19 8 27 12}

 do_test view-8.3 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v7 AS SELECT pqr+xyz AS a FROM v6;

     SELECT * FROM v7 ORDER BY a;

   }

 } {9 18 27 39}

 ifcapable subquery {

   do_test view-8.4 {

     execsql {

       CREATE VIEW v8 AS SELECT max(cnt) AS mx FROM

         (SELECT a%2 AS eo, count(*) AS cnt FROM t1 GROUP BY eo);

       SELECT * FROM v8;

     }

   } 3

   do_test view-8.5 {

     execsql {

       SELECT mx+10, mx*2 FROM v8;

     }

   } {13 6}

   do_test view-8.6 {

     execsql {

       SELECT mx+10, pqr FROM v6, v8 WHERE xyz=2;

     }

   } {13 7}

   do_test view-8.7 {

     execsql {

       SELECT mx+10, pqr FROM v6, v8 WHERE xyz>2;

     }

   } {13 13 13 19 13 27}

 } ;# ifcapable subquery

 # Tests for a bug found by Michiel de Wit involving ORDER BY in a VIEW.

 #

 do_test view-9.1 {

   execsql {

     INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE a<5;

     INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE a<4;

     INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE a<3;

     SELECT DISTINCT count(*) FROM t2 GROUP BY a ORDER BY 1;

   }

 } {1 2 4 8}

 do_test view-9.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT DISTINCT count(*) FROM t2 GROUP BY a ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 3;

   }

 } {1 2 4}

 do_test view-9.3 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v9 AS 

        SELECT DISTINCT count(*) FROM t2 GROUP BY a ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 3;

     SELECT * FROM v9;

   }

 } {1 2 4}

 do_test view-9.4 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v9 ORDER BY 1 DESC;

   }

 } {4 2 1}

 do_test view-9.5 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v10 AS 

        SELECT DISTINCT a, count(*) FROM t2 GROUP BY a ORDER BY 2 LIMIT 3;

     SELECT * FROM v10;

   }

 } {5 1 4 2 3 4}

 do_test view-9.6 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v10 ORDER BY 1;

   }

 } {3 4 4 2 5 1}

 # Tables with columns having peculiar quoted names used in views

 # Ticket #756.

 #

 do_test view-10.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t3("9" integer, [4] text);

     INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(1,2);

     CREATE VIEW v_t3_a AS SELECT a.[9] FROM t3 AS a;

     CREATE VIEW v_t3_b AS SELECT "4" FROM t3;

     SELECT * FROM v_t3_a;

   }

 } {1}

 do_test view-10.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v_t3_b;

   }

 } {2}

 do_test view-11.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t4(a COLLATE NOCASE);

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('This');

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('this');

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES('THIS');

     SELECT * FROM t4 WHERE a = 'THIS';

   }

 } {This this THIS}

 ifcapable subquery {

   do_test view-11.2 {

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM t4) WHERE a = 'THIS';

     }

   } {This this THIS}

 }

 do_test view-11.3 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v11 AS SELECT * FROM t4;

     SELECT * FROM v11 WHERE a = 'THIS';

   }

 } {This this THIS}

 # Ticket #1270:  Do not allow parameters in view definitions.

 #

 do_test view-12.1 {

   catchsql {

     CREATE VIEW v12 AS SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE b=?

   }

 } {1 {parameters are not allowed in views}}

 ifcapable attach {

   do_test view-13.1 {

     file delete -force test2.db

     catchsql {

       ATTACH 'test2.db' AS two;

       CREATE TABLE two.t2(x,y);

       CREATE VIEW v13 AS SELECT y FROM two.t2;

     }

   } {1 {view v13 cannot reference objects in database two}}

 }

 # Ticket #1658

 #

 do_test view-14.1 {

   catchsql {

     CREATE TEMP VIEW t1 AS SELECT a,b FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM temp.t1;

   }

 } {1 {view t1 is circularly defined}}

 # Tickets #1688, #1709

 #

 do_test view-15.1 {

   execsql2 {

     CREATE VIEW v15 AS SELECT a AS x, b AS y FROM t1;

     SELECT * FROM v15 LIMIT 1;

   }

 } {x 2 y 3}

 do_test view-15.2 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT x, y FROM v15 LIMIT 1

   }

 } {x 2 y 3}

 do_test view-16.1 {

   catchsql {

     CREATE VIEW IF NOT EXISTS v1 AS SELECT * FROM t1;

   }

 } {0 {}}

 do_test view-16.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE name='v1'

   }

 } {{CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT a AS 'xyz', b+c AS 'pqr', c-b FROM t1}}

 do_test view-16.3 {

   catchsql {

     DROP VIEW IF EXISTS nosuchview

   }

 } {0 {}}

 # correct error message when attempting to drop a view that does not

 # exist.

 #

 do_test view-17.1 {

   catchsql {

     DROP VIEW nosuchview

   }

 } {1 {no such view: nosuchview}}

 do_test view-17.2 {

   catchsql {

     DROP VIEW main.nosuchview

   }

 } {1 {no such view: main.nosuchview}}

 do_test view-18.1 {

   execsql {

     DROP VIEW t1;

     DROP TABLE t1;

     CREATE TABLE t1(a, b, c);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2, 3);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(4, 5, 6);

     CREATE VIEW vv1 AS SELECT * FROM t1;

     CREATE VIEW vv2 AS SELECT * FROM vv1;

     CREATE VIEW vv3 AS SELECT * FROM vv2;

     CREATE VIEW vv4 AS SELECT * FROM vv3;

     CREATE VIEW vv5 AS SELECT * FROM vv4;

     SELECT * FROM vv5;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 5 6}

 # Ticket #3308

 # Make sure "rowid" columns in a view are named correctly.

 #

 do_test view-19.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v3308a AS SELECT rowid, * FROM t1;

   }

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v3308a

   }

 } {rowid 1 a 1 b 2 c 3 rowid 2 a 4 b 5 c 6}

 do_test view-19.2 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v3308b AS SELECT t1.rowid, t1.a, t1.b+t1.c FROM t1;

   }

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v3308b

   }

 } {rowid 1 a 1 t1.b+t1.c 5 rowid 2 a 4 t1.b+t1.c 11}

 do_test view-19.3 {

   execsql {

     CREATE VIEW v3308c AS SELECT t1.oid, A, t1.b+t1.c AS x FROM t1;

   }

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM v3308c

   }

 } {rowid 1 a 1 x 5 rowid 2 a 4 x 11}

 finish_test