# 2002 May 24

 #

 # The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of

 # a legal notice, here is a blessing:

 #

 #    May you do good and not evil.

 #    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.

 #    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.

 #

 #***********************************************************************

 # This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.

 #

 # This file implements tests for joins, including outer joins.

 #

 # $Id: join.test,v 1.25 2008/08/14 00:19:49 drh Exp $

 set testdir [file dirname $argv0]

 source $testdir/tester.tcl

 do_test join-1.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t1(a,b,c);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1,2,3);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(2,3,4);

     INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(3,4,5);

     SELECT * FROM t1;

   }  

 } {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.2 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t2(b,c,d);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1,2,3);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(2,3,4);

     INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(3,4,5);

     SELECT * FROM t2;

   }  

 } {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.3 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2;

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.3.1 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1;

   }

 } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}

 do_test join-1.3.2 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t2 AS x NATURAL JOIN t1;

   }

 } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}

 do_test join-1.3.3 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t1 AS y;

   }

 } {b 2 c 3 d 4 a 1 b 3 c 4 d 5 a 2}

 do_test join-1.3.4 {

   execsql {

     SELECT b FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2;

   }

 } {2 3}

 do_test join-1.4.1 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.4.2 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 AS x INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.4.3 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 AS y USING(b,c);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.4.4 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 AS x INNER JOIN t2 AS y USING(b,c);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.4.5 {

   execsql {

     SELECT b FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(b);

   }

 } {2 3}

 do_test join-1.5 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.6 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(c);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 b 2 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 b 3 d 5}

 do_test join-1.7 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(c,b);

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5}

 do_test join-1.8 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL CROSS JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.9 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 CROSS JOIN t2 USING(b,c);

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.10 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL INNER JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.11 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 USING(b,c);

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}

 do_test join-1.12 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural inner join t2;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5}

 ifcapable subquery {

   do_test join-1.13 {

     execsql2 {

       SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN 

         (SELECT b as 'c', c as 'd', d as 'e' FROM t2) as t3

     }

   } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5}

   do_test join-1.14 {

     execsql2 {

       SELECT * FROM (SELECT b as 'c', c as 'd', d as 'e' FROM t2) as 'tx'

           NATURAL JOIN t1

     }

   } {c 3 d 4 e 5 a 1 b 2}

 }

 do_test join-1.15 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t3(c,d,e);

     INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(2,3,4);

     INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(3,4,5);

     INSERT INTO t3 VALUES(4,5,6);

     SELECT * FROM t3;

   }  

 } {2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6}

 do_test join-1.16 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 6}

 do_test join-1.17 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3;

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5 a 2 b 3 c 4 d 5 e 6}

 do_test join-1.18 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t4(d,e,f);

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(2,3,4);

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(3,4,5);

     INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(4,5,6);

     SELECT * FROM t4;

   }  

 } {2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6}

 do_test join-1.19.1 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t4;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 5 6}

 do_test join-1.19.2 {

   execsql2 {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t4;

   }

 } {a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 e 5 f 6}

 do_test join-1.20 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 natural join t2 natural join t3 WHERE t1.a=1

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 5}

 do_test join-2.1 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 {}}

 do_test join-2.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL LEFT OUTER JOIN t1;

   }

 } {1 2 3 {} 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 2}

 do_test join-2.3 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL RIGHT OUTER JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {RIGHT and FULL OUTER JOINs are not currently supported}}

 do_test join-2.4 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d

   }

 } {1 2 3 {} {} {} 2 3 4 {} {} {} 3 4 5 1 2 3}

 do_test join-2.5 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d WHERE t1.a>1

   }

 } {2 3 4 {} {} {} 3 4 5 1 2 3}

 do_test join-2.6 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.d WHERE t2.b IS NULL OR t2.b>1

   }

 } {1 2 3 {} {} {} 2 3 4 {} {} {}}

 do_test join-3.1 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.b;

   }

 } {1 {a NATURAL join may not have an ON or USING clause}}

 do_test join-3.2 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL JOIN t2 USING(b);

   }

 } {1 {a NATURAL join may not have an ON or USING clause}}

 do_test join-3.3 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t1.a=t2.b USING(b);

   }

 } {1 {cannot have both ON and USING clauses in the same join}}

 do_test join-3.4.1 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(a);

   }

 } {1 {cannot join using column a - column not present in both tables}}

 do_test join-3.4.2 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 USING(d);

   }

 } {1 {cannot join using column d - column not present in both tables}}

 do_test join-3.5 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 USING(a);

   }

 } {0 {1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5}}

 do_test join-3.6 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON t3.a=t2.b;

   }

 } {1 {no such column: t3.a}}

 do_test join-3.7 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER OUTER JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER OUTER}}

 do_test join-3.8 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER OUTER CROSS JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER OUTER CROSS}}

 do_test join-3.9 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 OUTER NATURAL INNER JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: OUTER NATURAL INNER}}

 do_test join-3.10 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT BOGUS JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: LEFT BOGUS}}

 do_test join-3.11 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 INNER BOGUS CROSS JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: INNER BOGUS CROSS}}

 do_test join-3.12 {

   catchsql {

     SELECT * FROM t1 NATURAL AWK SED JOIN t2;

   }

 } {1 {unknown or unsupported join type: NATURAL AWK SED}}

 do_test join-4.1 {

   execsql {

     BEGIN;

     CREATE TABLE t5(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY);

     CREATE TABLE t6(a INTEGER);

     INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(NULL);

     INSERT INTO t6 VALUES(NULL);

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     INSERT INTO t6 SELECT * FROM t6;

     COMMIT;

   }

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.2 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.3 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.4 {

   execsql {

     UPDATE t6 SET a='xyz';

     SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.6 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.7 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.8 {

   execsql {

     UPDATE t6 SET a=1;

     SELECT * FROM t6 NATURAL JOIN t5;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.9 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a<t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-4.10 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM t6, t5 WHERE t6.a>t5.a;

   }

 } {}

 do_test join-5.1 {

   execsql {

     BEGIN;

     create table centros (id integer primary key, centro);

     INSERT INTO centros VALUES(1,'xxx');

     create table usuarios (id integer primary key, nombre, apellidos,

     idcentro integer);

     INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(1,'a','aa',1);

     INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(2,'b','bb',1);

     INSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(3,'c','cc',NULL);

     create index idcentro on usuarios (idcentro);

     END;

     select usuarios.id, usuarios.nombre, centros.centro from

     usuarios left outer join centros on usuarios.idcentro = centros.id;

   }

 } {1 a xxx 2 b xxx 3 c {}}

 # A test for ticket #247.

 #

 do_test join-7.1 {

   execsql {

     CREATE TABLE t7 (x, y);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa1", 1);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa2", NULL);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa3", NULL);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa4", 2);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa30", 131);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa31", 130);

     INSERT INTO t7 VALUES ("pa28", NULL);

     CREATE TABLE t8 (a integer primary key, b);

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (1, "pa1");

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (2, "pa4");

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (3, NULL);

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (4, NULL);

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (130, "pa31");

     INSERT INTO t8 VALUES (131, "pa30");

     SELECT coalesce(t8.a,999) from t7 LEFT JOIN t8 on y=a;

   }

 } {1 999 999 2 131 130 999}

 # Make sure a left join where the right table is really a view that

 # is itself a join works right.  Ticket #306.

 #

 ifcapable view {

 do_test join-8.1 {

   execsql {

     BEGIN;

     CREATE TABLE t9(a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, b);

     INSERT INTO t9 VALUES(1,11);

     INSERT INTO t9 VALUES(2,22);

     CREATE TABLE t10(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, y);

     INSERT INTO t10 VALUES(1,2);

     INSERT INTO t10 VALUES(3,3);    

     CREATE TABLE t11(p INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, q);

     INSERT INTO t11 VALUES(2,111);

     INSERT INTO t11 VALUES(3,333);    

     CREATE VIEW v10_11 AS SELECT x, q FROM t10, t11 WHERE t10.y=t11.p;

     COMMIT;

     SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN v10_11 ON( a=x );

   }

 } {1 11 1 111 2 22 {} {}}

 ifcapable subquery {

   do_test join-8.2 {

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN (SELECT x, q FROM t10, t11 WHERE t10.y=t11.p)

            ON( a=x);

     }

   } {1 11 1 111 2 22 {} {}}

 }

 do_test join-8.3 {

   execsql {

     SELECT * FROM v10_11 LEFT JOIN t9 ON( a=x );

   }

 } {1 111 1 11 3 333 {} {}}

 ifcapable subquery {

   # Constant expressions in a subquery that is the right element of a

   # LEFT JOIN evaluate to NULL for rows where the LEFT JOIN does not

   # match.  Ticket #3300

   do_test join-8.4 {

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM t9 LEFT JOIN (SELECT 44, p, q FROM t11) AS sub1 ON p=a

     }

   } {1 11 {} {} {} 2 22 44 2 111}

 }

 } ;# ifcapable view

 # Ticket #350 describes a scenario where LEFT OUTER JOIN does not

 # function correctly if the right table in the join is really

 # subquery.

 #

 # To test the problem, we generate the same LEFT OUTER JOIN in two

 # separate selects but with on using a subquery and the other calling

 # the table directly.  Then connect the two SELECTs using an EXCEPT.

 # Both queries should generate the same results so the answer should

 # be an empty set.

 #

 ifcapable compound {

 do_test join-9.1 {

   execsql {

     BEGIN;

     CREATE TABLE t12(a,b);

     INSERT INTO t12 VALUES(1,11);

     INSERT INTO t12 VALUES(2,22);

     CREATE TABLE t13(b,c);

     INSERT INTO t13 VALUES(22,222);

     COMMIT;

   }

 } {}

 ifcapable subquery {

   do_test join-9.1.1 {

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t13

       EXCEPT

       SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM t13 WHERE b>0);

     }

   } {}

 }

 ifcapable view {

   do_test join-9.2 {

     execsql {

       CREATE VIEW v13 AS SELECT * FROM t13 WHERE b>0;

       SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN t13

         EXCEPT

         SELECT * FROM t12 NATURAL LEFT JOIN v13;

     }

   } {}

 } ;# ifcapable view

 } ;# ifcapable compound

 ifcapable subquery {

   # Ticket #1697:  Left Join WHERE clause terms that contain an

   # aggregate subquery.

   #

   do_test join-10.1 {

     execsql {

       CREATE TABLE t21(a,b,c);

       CREATE TABLE t22(p,q);

       CREATE INDEX i22 ON t22(q);

       SELECT a FROM t21 LEFT JOIN t22 ON b=p WHERE q=

          (SELECT max(m.q) FROM t22 m JOIN t21 n ON n.b=m.p WHERE n.c=1);

     }  

   } {}

   # Test a LEFT JOIN when the right-hand side of hte join is an empty

   # sub-query. Seems fine.

   #

   do_test join-10.2 {

     execsql {

       CREATE TABLE t23(a, b, c);

       CREATE TABLE t24(a, b, c);

       INSERT INTO t23 VALUES(1, 2, 3);

     }

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM t23 LEFT JOIN t24;

     }

   } {1 2 3 {} {} {}}

   do_test join-10.3 {

     execsql {

       SELECT * FROM t23 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM t24);

     }

   } {1 2 3 {} {} {}}

 } ;# ifcapable subquery

 finish_test