/*

  Version: MPL 1.1/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1

  The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version

  1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

  the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/

  Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis,

  WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License

  for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the License.

  The Original Code is the Open Hardware Monitor code.

  The Initial Developer of the Original Code is 

  Michael Möller <m.moeller@gmx.ch>.

  Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2010

  the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.

  Contributor(s):

  Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of

  either the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"), or

  the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),

  in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead

  of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only

  under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to

  use your version of this file under the terms of the MPL, indicate your

  decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice

  and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete

  the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under

  the terms of any one of the MPL, the GPL or the LGPL.

*/

using System;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Reflection;

namespace OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware {

  internal static class Opcode {

    private static IntPtr codeBuffer;

    private static ulong size;

    public static void Open() {  

      int p = (int)Environment.OSVersion.Platform;

      byte[] rdtscCode;

      byte[] cpuidCode;

      if (IntPtr.Size == 4) {

        rdtscCode = RDTSC_32;

        cpuidCode = CPUID_32;

      } else {

        rdtscCode = RDTSC_64;

        if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) { // Unix

          cpuidCode = CPUID_64_LINUX;

        } else { // Windows

          cpuidCode = CPUID_64_WINDOWS;

        }

      }

      size = (ulong)(rdtscCode.Length + cpuidCode.Length);

      if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) { // Unix   

        Assembly assembly = 

          Assembly.Load("Mono.Posix, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, " +

          "PublicKeyToken=0738eb9f132ed756");

        Type syscall = assembly.GetType("Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall");

        MethodInfo mmap = syscall.GetMethod("mmap");

        Type mmapProts = assembly.GetType("Mono.Unix.Native.MmapProts");

        object mmapProtsParam = Enum.ToObject(mmapProts,

          (int)mmapProts.GetField("PROT_READ").GetValue(null) |

          (int)mmapProts.GetField("PROT_WRITE").GetValue(null) |

          (int)mmapProts.GetField("PROT_EXEC").GetValue(null));

        Type mmapFlags = assembly.GetType("Mono.Unix.Native.MmapFlags");

        object mmapFlagsParam = Enum.ToObject(mmapFlags,

          (int)mmapFlags.GetField("MAP_ANONYMOUS").GetValue(null) |

          (int)mmapFlags.GetField("MAP_PRIVATE").GetValue(null));

        codeBuffer = (IntPtr)mmap.Invoke(null, new object[] { IntPtr.Zero, 

          size, mmapProtsParam, mmapFlagsParam, -1, 0 });        

      } else { // Windows

        codeBuffer = NativeMethods.VirtualAlloc(IntPtr.Zero,

          (UIntPtr)size, AllocationType.COMMIT | AllocationType.RESERVE, 

          MemoryProtection.EXECUTE_READWRITE);

      }

      Marshal.Copy(rdtscCode, 0, codeBuffer, rdtscCode.Length);

      Rdtsc = Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(

        codeBuffer, typeof(RdtscDelegate)) as RdtscDelegate;

      IntPtr cpuidAddress = (IntPtr)((long)codeBuffer + rdtscCode.Length);

      Marshal.Copy(cpuidCode, 0, cpuidAddress, cpuidCode.Length);

      Cpuid = Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(

        cpuidAddress, typeof(CpuidDelegate)) as CpuidDelegate;         

    }

    public static void Close() {

      Rdtsc = null;

      Cpuid = null;

      int p = (int)Environment.OSVersion.Platform;

      if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) { // Unix

        Assembly assembly =

          Assembly.Load("Mono.Posix, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, " +

          "PublicKeyToken=0738eb9f132ed756");

        Type syscall = assembly.GetType("Mono.Unix.Native.Syscall");

        MethodInfo munmap = syscall.GetMethod("munmap");

        munmap.Invoke(null, new object[] { codeBuffer, size });

      } else { // Windows

        NativeMethods.VirtualFree(codeBuffer, UIntPtr.Zero, 

          FreeType.RELEASE);        

      }

    }

    [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.StdCall)]

    public delegate ulong RdtscDelegate();

    public static RdtscDelegate Rdtsc;

    // unsigned __int64 __stdcall rdtsc() {

    //   return __rdtsc();

    // }

    private static readonly byte[] RDTSC_32 = new byte[] {

      0x0F, 0x31,                     // rdtsc   

      0xC3                            // ret  

    };

    private static readonly byte[] RDTSC_64 = new byte[] {

      0x0F, 0x31,                     // rdtsc  

      0x48, 0xC1, 0xE2, 0x20,         // shl rdx, 20h  

      0x48, 0x0B, 0xC2,               // or rax, rdx  

      0xC3                            // ret  

    };

    [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.StdCall)]

    public delegate bool CpuidDelegate(uint index, uint ecxValue,

      out uint eax, out uint ebx, out uint ecx, out uint edx);

    public static CpuidDelegate Cpuid;

    // void __stdcall cpuidex(unsigned int index, unsigned int ecxValue, 

    //   unsigned int* eax, unsigned int* ebx, unsigned int* ecx, 

    //   unsigned int* edx)

    // {

    //   int info[4];	

    //   __cpuidex(info, index, ecxValue);

    //   *eax = info[0];

    //   *ebx = info[1];

    //   *ecx = info[2];

    //   *edx = info[3];

    // }

    private static readonly byte[] CPUID_32 = new byte[] {

      0x55,                           // push ebp  

      0x8B, 0xEC,                     // mov ebp, esp  

      0x83, 0xEC, 0x10,               // sub esp, 10h  

      0x8B, 0x45, 0x08,               // mov eax, dword ptr [ebp+8]  

      0x8B, 0x4D, 0x0C,               // mov ecx, dword ptr [ebp+0Ch]  

      0x53,                           // push ebx  

      0x0F, 0xA2,                     // cpuid  

      0x56,                           // push esi  

      0x8D, 0x75, 0xF0,               // lea esi, [info]  

      0x89, 0x06,                     // mov dword ptr [esi],eax  

      0x8B, 0x45, 0x10,               // mov eax, dword ptr [eax]  

      0x89, 0x5E, 0x04,               // mov dword ptr [esi+4], ebx  

      0x89, 0x4E, 0x08,               // mov dword ptr [esi+8], ecx  

      0x89, 0x56, 0x0C,               // mov dword ptr [esi+0Ch], edx  

      0x8B, 0x4D, 0xF0,               // mov ecx, dword ptr [info]  

      0x89, 0x08,                     // mov dword ptr [eax], ecx  

      0x8B, 0x45, 0x14,               // mov eax, dword ptr [ebx]  

      0x8B, 0x4D, 0xF4,               // mov ecx, dword ptr [ebp-0Ch]  

      0x89, 0x08,                     // mov dword ptr [eax], ecx  

      0x8B, 0x45, 0x18,               // mov eax, dword ptr [ecx]  

      0x8B, 0x4D, 0xF8,               // mov ecx, dword ptr [ebp-8]  

      0x89, 0x08,                     // mov dword ptr [eax], ecx  

      0x8B, 0x45, 0x1C,               // mov eax, dword ptr [edx]  

      0x8B, 0x4D, 0xFC,               // mov ecx, dword ptr [ebp-4]  

      0x5E,                           // pop esi  

      0x89, 0x08,                     // mov dword ptr [eax], ecx  

      0x5B,                           // pop ebx  

      0xC9,                           // leave  

      0xC2, 0x18, 0x00                // ret 18h  

    };

    private static readonly byte[] CPUID_64_WINDOWS = new byte[] {

      0x48, 0x89, 0x5C, 0x24, 0x08,   // mov qword ptr [rsp+8], rbx  

      0x8B, 0xC1,                     // mov eax, ecx  

      0x8B, 0xCA,                     // mov ecx, edx        

      0x0F, 0xA2,                     // cpuid        

      0x41, 0x89, 0x00,               // mov dword ptr [r8], eax        

      0x48, 0x8B, 0x44, 0x24, 0x28,   // mov rax, qword ptr [rsp+28h]       

      0x41, 0x89, 0x19,               // mov dword ptr [r9], ebx        

      0x48, 0x8B, 0x5C, 0x24, 0x08,   // mov rbx, qword ptr [rsp+8]      

      0x89, 0x08,                     // mov dword ptr [rax], ecx        

      0x48, 0x8B, 0x44, 0x24, 0x30,   // mov rax, qword ptr [rsp+30h]  

      0x89, 0x10,                     // mov dword ptr [rax], edx  

      0xC3                            // ret  

    };

    private static readonly byte[] CPUID_64_LINUX = new byte[] {

      0x49, 0x89, 0xD2,               // mov r10, rdx

      0x49, 0x89, 0xCB,               // mov r11, rcx

      0x53,                           // push rbx

      0x89, 0xF8,                     // mov eax, edi

      0x89, 0xF1,                     // mov ecx, esi

      0x0F, 0xA2,                     // cpuid

      0x41, 0x89, 0x02,               // mov dword ptr [r10], eax

      0x41, 0x89, 0x1B,               // mov dword ptr [r11], ebx

      0x41, 0x89, 0x08,               // mov dword ptr [r8], ecx

      0x41, 0x89, 0x11,               // mov dword ptr [r9], edx

      0x5B,                           // pop rbx

      0xC3,                           // ret

    };

    public static bool CpuidTx(uint index, uint ecxValue, 

      out uint eax, out uint ebx, out uint ecx, out uint edx, 

      ulong threadAffinityMask) {

      ulong mask = ThreadAffinity.Set(threadAffinityMask);

      if (mask == 0) {

        eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;

        return false;

      } 

      Cpuid(index, ecxValue, out eax, out ebx, out ecx, out edx);

      ThreadAffinity.Set(mask);      

      return true;

    }

    [Flags()]

    public enum AllocationType : uint {

      COMMIT = 0x1000,

      RESERVE = 0x2000,

      RESET = 0x80000,

      LARGE_PAGES = 0x20000000,

      PHYSICAL = 0x400000,

      TOP_DOWN = 0x100000,

      WRITE_WATCH = 0x200000

    }

    [Flags()]

    public enum MemoryProtection : uint {

      EXECUTE = 0x10,

      EXECUTE_READ = 0x20,

      EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40,

      EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80,

      NOACCESS = 0x01,

      READONLY = 0x02,

      READWRITE = 0x04,

      WRITECOPY = 0x08,

      GUARD = 0x100,

      NOCACHE = 0x200,

      WRITECOMBINE = 0x400

    }

    [Flags]

    public enum FreeType {

      DECOMMIT = 0x4000,

      RELEASE = 0x8000

    }

    private static class NativeMethods {      

      private const string KERNEL = "kernel32.dll";

      [DllImport(KERNEL, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]

      public static extern IntPtr VirtualAlloc(IntPtr lpAddress, UIntPtr dwSize,

        AllocationType flAllocationType, MemoryProtection flProtect);

      [DllImport(KERNEL, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]

      public static extern bool VirtualFree(IntPtr lpAddress, UIntPtr dwSize,

        FreeType dwFreeType);                 

    }

  }

}