/*

  This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public

  License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this

  file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

  Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Michael Möller <mmoeller@openhardwaremonitor.org>

*/

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.Globalization;

using System.IO;

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading;

namespace OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware.CPU {

  internal sealed class AMD10CPU : AMDCPU {

    private readonly Sensor coreTemperature;

    private readonly Sensor[] coreClocks;

    private readonly Sensor busClock;

    private const uint PERF_CTL_0 = 0xC0010000;

    private const uint PERF_CTR_0 = 0xC0010004;

    private const uint HWCR = 0xC0010015;

    private const uint P_STATE_0 = 0xC0010064;

    private const uint COFVID_STATUS = 0xC0010071;

    private const byte MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_FUNCTION = 3;

    private const ushort FAMILY_10H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID = 0x1203;

    private const ushort FAMILY_11H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID = 0x1303;

    private const ushort FAMILY_12H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID = 0x1703;

    private const ushort FAMILY_14H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID = 0x1703;

    private const ushort FAMILY_15H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID = 0x1603; 

    private const uint REPORTED_TEMPERATURE_CONTROL_REGISTER = 0xA4;

    private const uint CLOCK_POWER_TIMING_CONTROL_0_REGISTER = 0xD4;

    private readonly uint miscellaneousControlAddress;

    private readonly ushort miscellaneousControlDeviceId;

    private readonly FileStream temperatureStream;

    private readonly double timeStampCounterMultiplier;

    private readonly bool corePerformanceBoostSupport;

    public AMD10CPU(int processorIndex, CPUID[][] cpuid, ISettings settings)

      : base(processorIndex, cpuid, settings) 

    {            

      // AMD family 1Xh processors support only one temperature sensor

      coreTemperature = new Sensor(

        "Core" + (coreCount > 1 ? " #1 - #" + coreCount : ""), 0,

        SensorType.Temperature, this, new [] {

            new ParameterDescription("Offset [°C]", "Temperature offset.", 0)

          }, settings);

      switch (family) {

        case 0x10: miscellaneousControlDeviceId =

          FAMILY_10H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID; break;

        case 0x11: miscellaneousControlDeviceId =

          FAMILY_11H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID; break;

        case 0x12: miscellaneousControlDeviceId =

          FAMILY_12H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID; break;

        case 0x14: miscellaneousControlDeviceId = 

          FAMILY_14H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID; break;

        case 0x15: miscellaneousControlDeviceId =

          FAMILY_15H_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_DEVICE_ID; break;

        default: miscellaneousControlDeviceId = 0; break;

      }

      // get the pci address for the Miscellaneous Control registers 

      miscellaneousControlAddress = GetPciAddress(

        MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL_FUNCTION, miscellaneousControlDeviceId);        

      busClock = new Sensor("Bus Speed", 0, SensorType.Clock, this, settings);

      coreClocks = new Sensor[coreCount];

      for (int i = 0; i < coreClocks.Length; i++) {

        coreClocks[i] = new Sensor(CoreString(i), i + 1, SensorType.Clock,

          this, settings);

        if (HasTimeStampCounter)

          ActivateSensor(coreClocks[i]);

      }

      corePerformanceBoostSupport = (cpuid[0][0].ExtData[7, 3] & (1 << 9)) > 0;

      // set affinity to the first thread for all frequency estimations     

      ulong mask = ThreadAffinity.Set(1UL << cpuid[0][0].Thread);

      // disable core performance boost  

      uint hwcrEax, hwcrEdx;

      Ring0.Rdmsr(HWCR, out hwcrEax, out hwcrEdx);

      if (corePerformanceBoostSupport) 

        Ring0.Wrmsr(HWCR, hwcrEax | (1 << 25), hwcrEdx);

      uint ctlEax, ctlEdx;

      Ring0.Rdmsr(PERF_CTL_0, out ctlEax, out ctlEdx);

      uint ctrEax, ctrEdx;

      Ring0.Rdmsr(PERF_CTR_0, out ctrEax, out ctrEdx);

      timeStampCounterMultiplier = estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier();

      // restore the performance counter registers

      Ring0.Wrmsr(PERF_CTL_0, ctlEax, ctlEdx);

      Ring0.Wrmsr(PERF_CTR_0, ctrEax, ctrEdx);

      // restore core performance boost

      if (corePerformanceBoostSupport)     

        Ring0.Wrmsr(HWCR, hwcrEax, hwcrEdx);

      // restore the thread affinity.

      ThreadAffinity.Set(mask);

      // the file reader for lm-sensors support on Linux

      temperatureStream = null;

      int p = (int)Environment.OSVersion.Platform;

      if ((p == 4) || (p == 128)) {

        string[] devicePaths = Directory.GetDirectories("/sys/class/hwmon/");

        foreach (string path in devicePaths) {

          string name = null;

          try {

            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path + "/device/name"))

              name = reader.ReadLine();

          } catch (IOException) { }

          switch (name) {

            case "k10temp":

              temperatureStream = new FileStream(path + "/device/temp1_input", 

                FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);

              break;

          }

        }

      }

      Update();                   

    }

    private double estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier() {

      // preload the function

      estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier(0);

      estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier(0);

      // estimate the multiplier

      List<double> estimate = new List<double>(3);

      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)

        estimate.Add(estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier(0.025));

      estimate.Sort();

      return estimate[1];

    }

    private double estimateTimeStampCounterMultiplier(double timeWindow) {

      uint eax, edx;

      // select event "076h CPU Clocks not Halted" and enable the counter

      Ring0.Wrmsr(PERF_CTL_0,

        (1 << 22) | // enable performance counter

        (1 << 17) | // count events in user mode

        (1 << 16) | // count events in operating-system mode

        0x76, 0x00000000);

      // set the counter to 0

      Ring0.Wrmsr(PERF_CTR_0, 0, 0);

      long ticks = (long)(timeWindow * Stopwatch.Frequency);

      uint lsbBegin, msbBegin, lsbEnd, msbEnd;      

      long timeBegin = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() +

        (long)Math.Ceiling(0.001 * ticks);

      long timeEnd = timeBegin + ticks;

      while (Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() < timeBegin) { }

      Ring0.Rdmsr(PERF_CTR_0, out lsbBegin, out msbBegin);

      while (Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() < timeEnd) { }

      Ring0.Rdmsr(PERF_CTR_0, out lsbEnd, out msbEnd);

      Ring0.Rdmsr(COFVID_STATUS, out eax, out edx);

      double coreMultiplier = GetCoreMultiplier(eax);

      ulong countBegin = ((ulong)msbBegin << 32) | lsbBegin;

      ulong countEnd = ((ulong)msbEnd << 32) | lsbEnd;

      double coreFrequency = 1e-6 * 

        (((double)(countEnd - countBegin)) * Stopwatch.Frequency) /

        (timeEnd - timeBegin);

      double busFrequency = coreFrequency / coreMultiplier;

      return 0.25 * Math.Round(4 * TimeStampCounterFrequency / busFrequency);

    }

    protected override uint[] GetMSRs() {

      return new uint[] { PERF_CTL_0, PERF_CTR_0, HWCR, P_STATE_0, 

        COFVID_STATUS };

    }

    public override string GetReport() {

      StringBuilder r = new StringBuilder();

      r.Append(base.GetReport());

      r.Append("Miscellaneous Control Address: 0x");

      r.AppendLine((miscellaneousControlAddress).ToString("X",

        CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

      r.Append("Time Stamp Counter Multiplier: ");

      r.AppendLine(timeStampCounterMultiplier.ToString(

        CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

      if (family == 0x14) {

        uint value = 0;

        Ring0.ReadPciConfig(miscellaneousControlAddress,

          CLOCK_POWER_TIMING_CONTROL_0_REGISTER, out value);

        r.Append("PCI Register D18F3xD4: ");

        r.AppendLine(value.ToString("X8", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));

      }

      r.AppendLine();

      return r.ToString();

    }

    private double GetCoreMultiplier(uint cofvidEax) {

      switch (family) {

        case 0x10:

        case 0x11: 

        case 0x15: {

            // 8:6 CpuDid: current core divisor ID

            // 5:0 CpuFid: current core frequency ID

            uint cpuDid = (cofvidEax >> 6) & 7;

            uint cpuFid = cofvidEax & 0x1F;

            return 0.5 * (cpuFid + 0x10) / (1 << (int)cpuDid);

          }

        case 0x12: {

            // 8:4 CpuFid: current CPU core frequency ID

            // 3:0 CpuDid: current CPU core divisor ID

            uint cpuFid = (cofvidEax >> 4) & 0x1F;

            uint cpuDid = cofvidEax & 0xF;

            double divisor;

            switch (cpuDid) {

              case 0: divisor = 1; break;

              case 1: divisor = 1.5; break;

              case 2: divisor = 2; break;

              case 3: divisor = 3; break;

              case 4: divisor = 4; break;

              case 5: divisor = 6; break;

              case 6: divisor = 8; break;

              case 7: divisor = 12; break;

              case 8: divisor = 16; break;

              default: divisor = 1; break;

            }

            return (cpuFid + 0x10) / divisor;

          }

        case 0x14: {

            // 8:4: current CPU core divisor ID most significant digit

            // 3:0: current CPU core divisor ID least significant digit

            uint divisorIdMSD = (cofvidEax >> 4) & 0x1F;

            uint divisorIdLSD = cofvidEax & 0xF;

            uint value = 0;

            Ring0.ReadPciConfig(miscellaneousControlAddress,

              CLOCK_POWER_TIMING_CONTROL_0_REGISTER, out value);

            uint frequencyId = value & 0x1F;

            return (frequencyId + 0x10) /

              (divisorIdMSD + (divisorIdLSD * 0.25) + 1);

          }

        default:

          return 1;

      }

    }

    private string ReadFirstLine(Stream stream) {

      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

      try {

        stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

        int b = stream.ReadByte();

        while (b != -1 && b != 10) {

          sb.Append((char)b);

          b = stream.ReadByte();

        }

      } catch { }

      return sb.ToString();

    }

    public override void Update() {

      base.Update();

      if (temperatureStream == null) {

        if (miscellaneousControlAddress != Ring0.InvalidPciAddress) {

          uint value;

          if (Ring0.ReadPciConfig(miscellaneousControlAddress,

            REPORTED_TEMPERATURE_CONTROL_REGISTER, out value)) {

            if (family == 0x15 && (value & 0x30000) == 0x30000) {

              coreTemperature.Value = ((value >> 21) & 0x7FC) / 8.0f +

                coreTemperature.Parameters[0].Value - 49;

            } else {

              coreTemperature.Value = ((value >> 21) & 0x7FF) / 8.0f +

                coreTemperature.Parameters[0].Value;

            }

            ActivateSensor(coreTemperature);

          } else {

            DeactivateSensor(coreTemperature);

          }

        }

      } else {

        string s = ReadFirstLine(temperatureStream);

        try {

          coreTemperature.Value = 0.001f *

            long.Parse(s, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);

          ActivateSensor(coreTemperature);

        } catch {

          DeactivateSensor(coreTemperature);

        }        

      }

      if (HasTimeStampCounter) {

        double newBusClock = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < coreClocks.Length; i++) {

          Thread.Sleep(1);

          uint curEax, curEdx;

          if (Ring0.RdmsrTx(COFVID_STATUS, out curEax, out curEdx,

            1UL << cpuid[i][0].Thread)) 

          {

            double multiplier;

            multiplier = GetCoreMultiplier(curEax);

            coreClocks[i].Value = 

              (float)(multiplier * TimeStampCounterFrequency / 

              timeStampCounterMultiplier);

            newBusClock = 

              (float)(TimeStampCounterFrequency / timeStampCounterMultiplier);

          } else {

            coreClocks[i].Value = (float)TimeStampCounterFrequency;

          }

        }

        if (newBusClock > 0) {

          this.busClock.Value = (float)newBusClock;

          ActivateSensor(this.busClock);

        }

      }

    }

    public override void Close() {      

      if (temperatureStream != null) {

        temperatureStream.Close();

      }

      base.Close();

    }

  }

}